<?php /** * Zend Framework (http://framework.zend.com/) * * @link http://github.com/zendframework/zf2 for the canonical source repository * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2014 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://www.zend.com) * @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd New BSD License */ namespace Zend\Console; /** * Getopt is a class to parse options for command-line * applications. * * Terminology: * Argument: an element of the argv array. This may be part of an option, * or it may be a non-option command-line argument. * Flag: the letter or word set off by a '-' or '--'. Example: in '--output filename', * '--output' is the flag. * Parameter: the additional argument that is associated with the option. * Example: in '--output filename', the 'filename' is the parameter. * Option: the combination of a flag and its parameter, if any. * Example: in '--output filename', the whole thing is the option. * * The following features are supported: * * - Short flags like '-a'. Short flags are preceded by a single * dash. Short flags may be clustered e.g. '-abc', which is the * same as '-a' '-b' '-c'. * - Long flags like '--verbose'. Long flags are preceded by a * double dash. Long flags may not be clustered. * - Options may have a parameter, e.g. '--output filename'. * - Parameters for long flags may also be set off with an equals sign, * e.g. '--output=filename'. * - Parameters for long flags may be checked as string, word, or integer. * - Automatic generation of a helpful usage message. * - Signal end of options with '--'; subsequent arguments are treated * as non-option arguments, even if they begin with '-'. * - Raise exception Zend_Console_Getopt_Exception in several cases * when invalid flags or parameters are given. Usage message is * returned in the exception object. * * The format for specifying options uses a PHP associative array. * The key is has the format of a list of pipe-separated flag names, * followed by an optional '=' to indicate a required parameter or * '-' to indicate an optional parameter. Following that, the type * of parameter may be specified as 's' for string, 'w' for word, * or 'i' for integer. * * Examples: * - 'user|username|u=s' this means '--user' or '--username' or '-u' * are synonyms, and the option requires a string parameter. * - 'p=i' this means '-p' requires an integer parameter. No synonyms. * - 'verbose|v-i' this means '--verbose' or '-v' are synonyms, and * they take an optional integer parameter. * - 'help|h' this means '--help' or '-h' are synonyms, and * they take no parameter. * * The values in the associative array are strings that are used as * brief descriptions of the options when printing a usage message. * * The simpler format for specifying options used by PHP's getopt() * function is also supported. This is similar to GNU getopt and shell * getopt format. * * Example: 'abc:' means options '-a', '-b', and '-c' * are legal, and the latter requires a string parameter. * * @todo Handle flags that implicitly print usage message, e.g. --help * * @todo Enable user to specify header and footer content in the help message. * * @todo Feature request to handle option interdependencies. * e.g. if -b is specified, -a must be specified or else the * usage is invalid. * * @todo Feature request to implement callbacks. * e.g. if -a is specified, run function 'handleOptionA'(). */ class Getopt { /** * The options for a given application can be in multiple formats. * modeGnu is for traditional 'ab:c:' style getopt format. * modeZend is for a more structured format. */ const MODE_ZEND = 'zend'; const MODE_GNU = 'gnu'; /** * Constant tokens for various symbols used in the mode_zend * rule format. */ const PARAM_REQUIRED = '='; const PARAM_OPTIONAL = '-'; const TYPE_STRING = 's'; const TYPE_WORD = 'w'; const TYPE_INTEGER = 'i'; const TYPE_NUMERIC_FLAG = '#'; /** * These are constants for optional behavior of this class. * ruleMode is either 'zend' or 'gnu' or a user-defined mode. * dashDash is true if '--' signifies the end of command-line options. * ignoreCase is true if '--opt' and '--OPT' are implicitly synonyms. * parseAll is true if all options on the command line should be parsed, regardless of * whether an argument appears before them. */ const CONFIG_RULEMODE = 'ruleMode'; const CONFIG_DASHDASH = 'dashDash'; const CONFIG_IGNORECASE = 'ignoreCase'; const CONFIG_PARSEALL = 'parseAll'; const CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_PARAMETERS = 'cumulativeParameters'; const CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_FLAGS = 'cumulativeFlags'; const CONFIG_PARAMETER_SEPARATOR = 'parameterSeparator'; const CONFIG_FREEFORM_FLAGS = 'freeformFlags'; const CONFIG_NUMERIC_FLAGS = 'numericFlags'; /** * Defaults for getopt configuration are: * ruleMode is 'zend' format, * dashDash (--) token is enabled, * ignoreCase is not enabled, * parseAll is enabled, * cumulative parameters are disabled, * this means that subsequent options overwrite the parameter value, * cumulative flags are disable, * freeform flags are disable. */ protected $getoptConfig = array( self::CONFIG_RULEMODE => self::MODE_ZEND, self::CONFIG_DASHDASH => true, self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE => false, self::CONFIG_PARSEALL => true, self::CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_PARAMETERS => false, self::CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_FLAGS => false, self::CONFIG_PARAMETER_SEPARATOR => null, self::CONFIG_FREEFORM_FLAGS => false, self::CONFIG_NUMERIC_FLAGS => false ); /** * Stores the command-line arguments for the calling application. * * @var array */ protected $argv = array(); /** * Stores the name of the calling application. * * @var string */ protected $progname = ''; /** * Stores the list of legal options for this application. * * @var array */ protected $rules = array(); /** * Stores alternate spellings of legal options. * * @var array */ protected $ruleMap = array(); /** * Stores options given by the user in the current invocation * of the application, as well as parameters given in options. * * @var array */ protected $options = array(); /** * Stores the command-line arguments other than options. * * @var array */ protected $remainingArgs = array(); /** * State of the options: parsed or not yet parsed? * * @var bool */ protected $parsed = false; /** * The constructor takes one to three parameters. * * The first parameter is $rules, which may be a string for * gnu-style format, or a structured array for Zend-style format. * * The second parameter is $argv, and it is optional. If not * specified, $argv is inferred from the global argv. * * The third parameter is an array of configuration parameters * to control the behavior of this instance of Getopt; it is optional. * * @param array $rules * @param array $argv * @param array $getoptConfig * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function __construct($rules, $argv = null, $getoptConfig = array()) { if (!isset($_SERVER['argv'])) { $errorDescription = (ini_get('register_argc_argv') == false) ? "argv is not available, because ini option 'register_argc_argv' is set Off" : '$_SERVER["argv"] is not set, but Zend_Console_Getopt cannot work without this information.'; throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException($errorDescription); } $this->progname = $_SERVER['argv'][0]; $this->setOptions($getoptConfig); $this->addRules($rules); if (!is_array($argv)) { $argv = array_slice($_SERVER['argv'], 1); } if (isset($argv)) { $this->addArguments((array) $argv); } } /** * Return the state of the option seen on the command line of the * current application invocation. This function returns true, or the * parameter to the option, if any. If the option was not given, * this function returns null. * * The magic __get method works in the context of naming the option * as a virtual member of this class. * * @param string $key * @return string */ public function __get($key) { return $this->getOption($key); } /** * Test whether a given option has been seen. * * @param string $key * @return bool */ public function __isset($key) { $this->parse(); if (isset($this->ruleMap[$key])) { $key = $this->ruleMap[$key]; return isset($this->options[$key]); } return false; } /** * Set the value for a given option. * * @param string $key * @param string $value * @return void */ public function __set($key, $value) { $this->parse(); if (isset($this->ruleMap[$key])) { $key = $this->ruleMap[$key]; $this->options[$key] = $value; } } /** * Return the current set of options and parameters seen as a string. * * @return string */ public function __toString() { return $this->toString(); } /** * Unset an option. * * @param string $key * @return void */ public function __unset($key) { $this->parse(); if (isset($this->ruleMap[$key])) { $key = $this->ruleMap[$key]; unset($this->options[$key]); } } /** * Define additional command-line arguments. * These are appended to those defined when the constructor was called. * * @param array $argv * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\InvalidArgumentException When not given an array as parameter * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function addArguments($argv) { if (!is_array($argv)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException("Parameter #1 to addArguments should be an array"); } $this->argv = array_merge($this->argv, $argv); $this->parsed = false; return $this; } /** * Define full set of command-line arguments. * These replace any currently defined. * * @param array $argv * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\InvalidArgumentException When not given an array as parameter * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function setArguments($argv) { if (!is_array($argv)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException("Parameter #1 to setArguments should be an array"); } $this->argv = $argv; $this->parsed = false; return $this; } /** * Define multiple configuration options from an associative array. * These are not program options, but properties to configure * the behavior of Zend\Console\Getopt. * * @param array $getoptConfig * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function setOptions($getoptConfig) { if (isset($getoptConfig)) { foreach ($getoptConfig as $key => $value) { $this->setOption($key, $value); } } return $this; } /** * Define one configuration option as a key/value pair. * These are not program options, but properties to configure * the behavior of Zend\Console\Getopt. * * @param string $configKey * @param string $configValue * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function setOption($configKey, $configValue) { if ($configKey !== null) { $this->getoptConfig[$configKey] = $configValue; } return $this; } /** * Define additional option rules. * These are appended to the rules defined when the constructor was called. * * @param array $rules * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function addRules($rules) { $ruleMode = $this->getoptConfig['ruleMode']; switch ($this->getoptConfig['ruleMode']) { case self::MODE_ZEND: if (is_array($rules)) { $this->_addRulesModeZend($rules); break; } // intentional fallthrough case self::MODE_GNU: $this->_addRulesModeGnu($rules); break; default: /** * Call addRulesModeFoo() for ruleMode 'foo'. * The developer should subclass Getopt and * provide this method. */ $method = '_addRulesMode' . ucfirst($ruleMode); $this->$method($rules); } $this->parsed = false; return $this; } /** * Return the current set of options and parameters seen as a string. * * @return string */ public function toString() { $this->parse(); $s = array(); foreach ($this->options as $flag => $value) { $s[] = $flag . '=' . ($value === true ? 'true' : $value); } return implode(' ', $s); } /** * Return the current set of options and parameters seen * as an array of canonical options and parameters. * * Clusters have been expanded, and option aliases * have been mapped to their primary option names. * * @return array */ public function toArray() { $this->parse(); $s = array(); foreach ($this->options as $flag => $value) { $s[] = $flag; if ($value !== true) { $s[] = $value; } } return $s; } /** * Return the current set of options and parameters seen in Json format. * * @return string */ public function toJson() { $this->parse(); $j = array(); foreach ($this->options as $flag => $value) { $j['options'][] = array( 'option' => array( 'flag' => $flag, 'parameter' => $value ) ); } $json = \Zend\Json\Json::encode($j); return $json; } /** * Return the current set of options and parameters seen in XML format. * * @return string */ public function toXml() { $this->parse(); $doc = new \DomDocument('1.0', 'utf-8'); $optionsNode = $doc->createElement('options'); $doc->appendChild($optionsNode); foreach ($this->options as $flag => $value) { $optionNode = $doc->createElement('option'); $optionNode->setAttribute('flag', utf8_encode($flag)); if ($value !== true) { $optionNode->setAttribute('parameter', utf8_encode($value)); } $optionsNode->appendChild($optionNode); } $xml = $doc->saveXML(); return $xml; } /** * Return a list of options that have been seen in the current argv. * * @return array */ public function getOptions() { $this->parse(); return array_keys($this->options); } /** * Return the state of the option seen on the command line of the * current application invocation. * * This function returns true, or the parameter value to the option, if any. * If the option was not given, this function returns false. * * @param string $flag * @return mixed */ public function getOption($flag) { $this->parse(); if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE]) { $flag = strtolower($flag); } if (isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { $flag = $this->ruleMap[$flag]; if (isset($this->options[$flag])) { return $this->options[$flag]; } } return null; } /** * Return the arguments from the command-line following all options found. * * @return array */ public function getRemainingArgs() { $this->parse(); return $this->remainingArgs; } public function getArguments() { $result = $this->getRemainingArgs(); foreach ($this->getOptions() as $option) { $result[$option] = $this->getOption($option); } return $result; } /** * Return a useful option reference, formatted for display in an * error message. * * Note that this usage information is provided in most Exceptions * generated by this class. * * @return string */ public function getUsageMessage() { $usage = "Usage: {$this->progname} [ options ]\n"; $maxLen = 20; $lines = array(); foreach ($this->rules as $rule) { if (isset($rule['isFreeformFlag'])) { continue; } $flags = array(); if (is_array($rule['alias'])) { foreach ($rule['alias'] as $flag) { $flags[] = (strlen($flag) == 1 ? '-' : '--') . $flag; } } $linepart['name'] = implode('|', $flags); if (isset($rule['param']) && $rule['param'] != 'none') { $linepart['name'] .= ' '; switch ($rule['param']) { case 'optional': $linepart['name'] .= "[ <{$rule['paramType']}> ]"; break; case 'required': $linepart['name'] .= "<{$rule['paramType']}>"; break; } } if (strlen($linepart['name']) > $maxLen) { $maxLen = strlen($linepart['name']); } $linepart['help'] = ''; if (isset($rule['help'])) { $linepart['help'] .= $rule['help']; } $lines[] = $linepart; } foreach ($lines as $linepart) { $usage .= sprintf("%s %s\n", str_pad($linepart['name'], $maxLen), $linepart['help']); } return $usage; } /** * Define aliases for options. * * The parameter $aliasMap is an associative array * mapping option name (short or long) to an alias. * * @param array $aliasMap * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function setAliases($aliasMap) { foreach ($aliasMap as $flag => $alias) { if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE]) { $flag = strtolower($flag); $alias = strtolower($alias); } if (!isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { continue; } $flag = $this->ruleMap[$flag]; if (isset($this->rules[$alias]) || isset($this->ruleMap[$alias])) { $o = (strlen($alias) == 1 ? '-' : '--') . $alias; throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException("Option \"$o\" is being defined more than once."); } $this->rules[$flag]['alias'][] = $alias; $this->ruleMap[$alias] = $flag; } return $this; } /** * Define help messages for options. * * The parameter $helpMap is an associative array * mapping option name (short or long) to the help string. * * @param array $helpMap * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt Provides a fluent interface */ public function setHelp($helpMap) { foreach ($helpMap as $flag => $help) { if (!isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { continue; } $flag = $this->ruleMap[$flag]; $this->rules[$flag]['help'] = $help; } return $this; } /** * Parse command-line arguments and find both long and short * options. * * Also find option parameters, and remaining arguments after * all options have been parsed. * * @return \Zend\Console\Getopt|null Provides a fluent interface */ public function parse() { if ($this->parsed === true) { return; } $argv = $this->argv; $this->options = array(); $this->remainingArgs = array(); while (count($argv) > 0) { if ($argv[0] == '--') { array_shift($argv); if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_DASHDASH]) { $this->remainingArgs = array_merge($this->remainingArgs, $argv); break; } } if (substr($argv[0], 0, 2) == '--') { $this->_parseLongOption($argv); } elseif (substr($argv[0], 0, 1) == '-' && ('-' != $argv[0] || count($argv) >1)) { $this->_parseShortOptionCluster($argv); } elseif ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_PARSEALL]) { $this->remainingArgs[] = array_shift($argv); } else { /* * We should put all other arguments in remainingArgs and stop parsing * since CONFIG_PARSEALL is false. */ $this->remainingArgs = array_merge($this->remainingArgs, $argv); break; } } $this->parsed = true; return $this; } /** * Parse command-line arguments for a single long option. * A long option is preceded by a double '--' character. * Long options may not be clustered. * * @param mixed &$argv * @return void */ protected function _parseLongOption(&$argv) { $optionWithParam = ltrim(array_shift($argv), '-'); $l = explode('=', $optionWithParam, 2); $flag = array_shift($l); $param = array_shift($l); if (isset($param)) { array_unshift($argv, $param); } $this->_parseSingleOption($flag, $argv); } /** * Parse command-line arguments for short options. * Short options are those preceded by a single '-' character. * Short options may be clustered. * * @param mixed &$argv * @return void */ protected function _parseShortOptionCluster(&$argv) { $flagCluster = ltrim(array_shift($argv), '-'); foreach (str_split($flagCluster) as $flag) { $this->_parseSingleOption($flag, $argv); } } /** * Parse command-line arguments for a single option. * * @param string $flag * @param mixed $argv * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface * @return void */ protected function _parseSingleOption($flag, &$argv) { if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE]) { $flag = strtolower($flag); } // Check if this option is numeric one if (preg_match('/^\d+$/', $flag)) { return $this->_setNumericOptionValue($flag); } if (!isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { // Don't throw Exception for flag-like param in case when freeform flags are allowed if (!$this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_FREEFORM_FLAGS]) { throw new Exception\RuntimeException( "Option \"$flag\" is not recognized.", $this->getUsageMessage() ); } // Magic methods in future will use this mark as real flag value $this->ruleMap[$flag] = $flag; $realFlag = $flag; $this->rules[$realFlag] = array( 'param' => 'optional', 'isFreeformFlag' => true ); } else { $realFlag = $this->ruleMap[$flag]; } switch ($this->rules[$realFlag]['param']) { case 'required': if (count($argv) > 0) { $param = array_shift($argv); $this->_checkParameterType($realFlag, $param); } else { throw new Exception\RuntimeException( "Option \"$flag\" requires a parameter.", $this->getUsageMessage() ); } break; case 'optional': if (count($argv) > 0 && substr($argv[0], 0, 1) != '-') { $param = array_shift($argv); $this->_checkParameterType($realFlag, $param); } else { $param = true; } break; default: $param = true; } $this->_setSingleOptionValue($realFlag, $param); } /** * Set given value as value of numeric option * * Throw runtime exception if this action is deny by configuration * or no one numeric option handlers is defined * * @param int $value * @throws Exception\RuntimeException * @return void */ protected function _setNumericOptionValue($value) { if (!$this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_NUMERIC_FLAGS]) { throw new Exception\RuntimeException("Using of numeric flags are deny by configuration"); } if (empty($this->getoptConfig['numericFlagsOption'])) { throw new Exception\RuntimeException("Any option for handling numeric flags are specified"); } return $this->_setSingleOptionValue($this->getoptConfig['numericFlagsOption'], $value); } /** * Add relative to options' flag value * * If options list already has current flag as key * and parser should follow cumulative params by configuration, * we should to add new param to array, not to overwrite * * @param string $flag * @param string $value * @return null */ protected function _setSingleOptionValue($flag, $value) { if (true === $value && $this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_FLAGS]) { // For boolean values we have to create new flag, or increase number of flags' usage count return $this->_setBooleanFlagValue($flag); } // Split multiple values, if necessary // Filter empty values from splited array $separator = $this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_PARAMETER_SEPARATOR]; if (is_string($value) && !empty($separator) && is_string($separator) && substr_count($value, $separator)) { $value = array_filter(explode($separator, $value)); } if (!array_key_exists($flag, $this->options)) { $this->options[$flag] = $value; } elseif ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_CUMULATIVE_PARAMETERS]) { $this->options[$flag] = (array) $this->options[$flag]; array_push($this->options[$flag], $value); } else { $this->options[$flag] = $value; } } /** * Set TRUE value to given flag, if this option does not exist yet * In other case increase value to show count of flags' usage * * @param string $flag * @return null */ protected function _setBooleanFlagValue($flag) { $this->options[$flag] = array_key_exists($flag, $this->options) ? (int) $this->options[$flag] + 1 : true; } /** * Return true if the parameter is in a valid format for * the option $flag. * Throw an exception in most other cases. * * @param string $flag * @param string $param * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface * @return bool */ protected function _checkParameterType($flag, $param) { $type = 'string'; if (isset($this->rules[$flag]['paramType'])) { $type = $this->rules[$flag]['paramType']; } switch ($type) { case 'word': if (preg_match('/\W/', $param)) { throw new Exception\RuntimeException( "Option \"$flag\" requires a single-word parameter, but was given \"$param\".", $this->getUsageMessage()); } break; case 'integer': if (preg_match('/\D/', $param)) { throw new Exception\RuntimeException( "Option \"$flag\" requires an integer parameter, but was given \"$param\".", $this->getUsageMessage()); } break; case 'string': default: break; } return true; } /** * Define legal options using the gnu-style format. * * @param string $rules * @return void */ protected function _addRulesModeGnu($rules) { $ruleArray = array(); /** * Options may be single alphanumeric characters. * Options may have a ':' which indicates a required string parameter. * No long options or option aliases are supported in GNU style. */ preg_match_all('/([a-zA-Z0-9]:?)/', $rules, $ruleArray); foreach ($ruleArray[1] as $rule) { $r = array(); $flag = substr($rule, 0, 1); if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE]) { $flag = strtolower($flag); } $r['alias'][] = $flag; if (substr($rule, 1, 1) == ':') { $r['param'] = 'required'; $r['paramType'] = 'string'; } else { $r['param'] = 'none'; } $this->rules[$flag] = $r; $this->ruleMap[$flag] = $flag; } } /** * Define legal options using the Zend-style format. * * @param array $rules * @throws \Zend\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface * @return void */ protected function _addRulesModeZend($rules) { foreach ($rules as $ruleCode => $helpMessage) { // this may have to translate the long parm type if there // are any complaints that =string will not work (even though that use // case is not documented) if (in_array(substr($ruleCode, -2, 1), array('-', '='))) { $flagList = substr($ruleCode, 0, -2); $delimiter = substr($ruleCode, -2, 1); $paramType = substr($ruleCode, -1); } else { $flagList = $ruleCode; $delimiter = $paramType = null; } if ($this->getoptConfig[self::CONFIG_IGNORECASE]) { $flagList = strtolower($flagList); } $flags = explode('|', $flagList); $rule = array(); $mainFlag = $flags[0]; foreach ($flags as $flag) { if (empty($flag)) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException("Blank flag not allowed in rule \"$ruleCode\"."); } if (strlen($flag) == 1) { if (isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( "Option \"-$flag\" is being defined more than once."); } $this->ruleMap[$flag] = $mainFlag; $rule['alias'][] = $flag; } else { if (isset($this->rules[$flag]) || isset($this->ruleMap[$flag])) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( "Option \"--$flag\" is being defined more than once."); } $this->ruleMap[$flag] = $mainFlag; $rule['alias'][] = $flag; } } if (isset($delimiter)) { switch ($delimiter) { case self::PARAM_REQUIRED: $rule['param'] = 'required'; break; case self::PARAM_OPTIONAL: default: $rule['param'] = 'optional'; } switch (substr($paramType, 0, 1)) { case self::TYPE_WORD: $rule['paramType'] = 'word'; break; case self::TYPE_INTEGER: $rule['paramType'] = 'integer'; break; case self::TYPE_NUMERIC_FLAG: $rule['paramType'] = 'numericFlag'; $this->getoptConfig['numericFlagsOption'] = $mainFlag; break; case self::TYPE_STRING: default: $rule['paramType'] = 'string'; } } else { $rule['param'] = 'none'; } $rule['help'] = $helpMessage; $this->rules[$mainFlag] = $rule; } } }